Which of the following age groups is most commonly affected by Otitis Media?

The age group most commonly affected by Otitis Media, particularly highlighted in the choice that includes children under 3 years, is due to several developmental and anatomical factors.

Infants and toddlers have a shorter and more horizontal Eustachian tube compared to older children and adults. This anatomical configuration makes it easier for pathogens to travel from the nasopharynx to the middle ear, leading to infections. The immune system in young children is also still developing, making them more susceptible to infections in general, including otitis media.

Furthermore, otitis media is particularly prevalent in children because they are often exposed to environments such as daycare settings, where viruses and bacteria can spread more easily. This combination of anatomical factors and environmental exposure increases the incidence of this condition in those under 3 years of age.

While children under 1 year and under 5 years also experience otitis media, research indicates that the highest prevalence occurs in the under 3 age group. Thus, this choice accurately reflects the age range that experiences the most significant impact from otitis media.