Which extrinsic muscle of the larynx is responsible for lowering the larynx?

The Sternothyroid muscle is responsible for lowering the larynx. This muscle connects the sternum and thyroid cartilage, and its primary action is to depress the thyroid cartilage, which effectively lowers the larynx within the neck. This action is significant during various vocal functions and also influences pitch control.

In contrast, the Thyrohyoid muscle assists in elevating the larynx and hyoid bone rather than lowering it. Similarly, the Inferior constrictor muscles primarily aid in swallowing by constricting the pharynx, and they do not play a direct role in lowering the larynx. The Cricoarytenoid muscles are mainly involved in the adduction and abduction of the vocal folds, again not contributing to the lowering of the larynx. Thus, the distinction of the Sternothyroid as the muscle specifically responsible for lowering the larynx is clear and well supported by anatomical function.