What type of assessment technique involves an initial interview and gathering case history?

The correct answer is related to informal assessments, which include techniques such as conducting an initial interview and gathering case history. This approach is essential as it allows the clinician to collect qualitative information about the individual's communication abilities and background, which aids in understanding the context surrounding the speech disorder.

Informal assessments are crucial in establishing a foundation for subsequent evaluations, as they help in tailoring the clinical approach to the specific needs of the individual. The case history provides insights into factors such as family history of speech and language issues, developmental milestones, and any previous interventions, which informs the overall assessment process.

Formal assessments, in contrast, typically consist of standardized tests that measure specific aspects of speech and language but do not usually involve the same depth of personal context. Behavioral observations focus on real-time assessment of the individual’s speech and behavior in naturalistic settings, rather than the comprehensive background provided by interviews and case histories. Evidence-based practice encompasses the use of the best available research, clinical expertise, and patient values, but it does not specifically define the assessment techniques used.

Thus, the process of conducting interviews and gathering case histories is a foundational element of informal assessments, providing a rich context for understanding the individual's communication challenges.