What characterizes a developmental language disorder (DLD)?

A developmental language disorder (DLD) is primarily characterized by difficulties in acquiring language skills despite having normal cognitive abilities and no identifiable causes. This means that individuals with DLD typically understand language and possess cognitive skills that are developmentally appropriate for their age, yet they struggle with learning and using language effectively.

This definition highlights the distinction between DLD and other disorders that may affect language acquisition due to other factors, such as cognitive impairments or neurological conditions. In the case of DLD, the challenges arise specifically within the realm of language learning, making it a unique category within speech and language disorders.

Understanding this distinction is crucial in diagnosing and developing appropriate intervention strategies for individuals with DLD. It emphasizes that the problems are not due to cognitive limitations but rather a specific issue with language processing and acquisition.

In contrast, the other choices describe conditions that either involve cognitive deficits or are not representative of developmental language disorders. For instance, situations involving clear inability to speak despite understanding or claims of spontaneous improvement without targeted support do not align with the defined characteristics of DLD.